Ukuhambisa i-LNG kahle akugcini nje ngokuthola uketshezi kusuka endaweni A kuya endaweni B. Inselele yangempela ukulawula ukwanda kokushisa ngesikhathi sokudlulisa. Ngisho nokushisa okuncane kungakhiqiza igesi ebilayo, kuphazamise ukugeleza, futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu iyonke.

At I-HL Cryogenics, sakha izinhlelo zokudlulisa ezifakwe i-vacuum insulation ezigxile ekuzinzeni kokushisa kwesikhathi eside, ukuvuza kokushisa okuphansi, kanye nokulethwa koketshezi okuthembekile kwesigaba esisodwa. Izinhlelo zethu ziyahlanganaipayipi elivalekile elinokushisa, ipayipi eliguquguqukayoizinhlangano, ubuchwepheshe be-vacuum obugcinwe ngenkuthalo, kanye nemishini yokuphatha izigaba ukusekela ukudluliswa kwe-LNG okuzinzile kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni nezasolwandle.

Kungani Ukufakwa Kwe-Vacuum Kubalulekile Ekudluliselweni Kwe-LNG

Uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic njenge-LNG luzwela kakhulu ekungeneni kokushisa. Emapayipini avamile okushisa, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kuyanda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba ukusebenza kokushisa kwehla. Lokhu kungaholela emazingeni aphezulu okushisa, ukungazinzi kwengcindezi, kanye nokungasebenzi kahle kokusebenza.

Amapayipi afakwe ugesiKubhekana nalokhu ngokunciphisa zonke izinhlobo ezintathu ezinkulu zokudluliselwa kokushisa:

• Ukuqhuba okuqinile
• Ukuhanjiswa kwegesi
• Imisebe yokushisa

Okwethuipayipi elivalekile elinokushisakanye nezinhlelo zepayipi eziguquguqukayo zisebenzisa isakhiwo esinodonga oluphindwe kabili esinesikhala esiphezulu se-vacuum annular, esivame ukugcinwa ngaphansi kwe-mbar engu-1 × 10⁻⁵. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ukuqhutshwa kwegesi kanye ne-convection cishe kuqedwa ngoba ama-molecule egesi asele aba mancane kakhulu ukuba adlulise ukushisa ngempumelelo.

Ukuze kuncishiswe kakhulu ukudluliselwa kokushisa ngemisebe, kufakwa i-multilayer insulation (MLI) eduze kwepayipi elingaphakathi. Lezi zingqimba ezibonisa ukukhanya zinciphisa kakhulu ukumuncwa kokushisa okukhanyayo okuvela ejazini elingaphandle.

Umphumela uba izinga lokusebenza kokushisa elingaphezulu kakhulu kwe-foam evamile noma amapayipi e-cryogenic agqunywe ngomshini.

Ngokuvamile sakha ipayipi lenqubo yangaphakathi kanye nejakethi yangaphandle ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304L noma engu-316L ukuqinisekisa ukuqina kwe-cryogenic, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokusebenza okuthembekile kokushiswa ngaphansi kokujikeleza okuphindaphindiwe kokushisa.

Uhlelo Lwephampu Yokupompa I-DynamicUkusebenza Kwesikhathi Eside

Inkinga eyodwa evamile ngezinhlelo ze-vacuum ezihlala zimile ukuwohloka kancane kancane kwe-vacuum ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuphuma kwegesi ezindaweni zangaphakathi, ukuvuza okuncane kokungena, kanye nokujikeleza kokushisa kungakhuphula kancane kancane ingcindezi ye-annular, kunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela.

Ukuze kuxazululwe lokhu,I-HL CryogenicsyakhaUhlelo Lwephampu Yokupompa I-Dynamicyakhelwe ukuzinza kwe-vacuum isikhathi eside.

Uhlelo lukhipha njalo noma ngezikhathi ezithile isikhala se-annular sisebenzisa amaphampu okuskrola asebenza ngokuwomile noma amaphampu e-turbomolecular. I-valve engabuyi ihlukanisa isikhala se-vacuum ngesikhathi sokulinda, kuyilapho ama-vacuum gauge ahlanganisiwe enikeza ukuqapha kwengcindezi ye-annular ngesikhathi sangempela.

Amayunithi e-Adsorber nawo afakiwe ukuze abambe umswakama kanye nama-hydrocarbon asele ngaphakathi kwesikhala se-vacuum.

Ngenxa yokuthi izinga le-vacuum ligcinwa lisebenza, ukusebenza kokufakwa kokushisa kuhlala kuzinzile kuyo yonke impilo yesistimu kunokuba kwehle kancane kancane. Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile, i-annulus ingahlala ngaphakathi kwebanga le-mbar elingu-10⁻⁶ ngisho nasezindaweni ezishisayo nezinomswakama.

Lokhu kunegalelo ngqo ku:

• Amanani aphansi okwehla kwe-LNG
• Ukulethwa koketshezi okuzinzile kakhudlwana
• Ukuncipha kwemvamisa yokulungisa
• Ukusebenza kahle komjikelezo wokuphila okuthuthukisiwe

Ukugcina Ukugeleza Kwe-LNG Okuzinzile Kwesigaba Esisodwa

Ukudluliselwa kwe-LNG okuzinzile akuxhomekile kuphela ekusebenzeni kokuvikela, kodwa futhi nasekuphathweni kwesigaba okuphumelelayo.

Okwethuamavalvu afakwe ugesizenzelwe ukugcina amazinga okushisa acwebezelayo kulo lonke umugqa wokudlulisa ngenkathi kunciphisa ukuvuza kokushisa ezindaweni zokulawula ezibalulekile. Ukulungiswa kwebhonethi ende kugcina ukupakisha kwesiqu kude nendawo ebandayo, kusiza ukuvimbela ukwakheka kweqhwa nokuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza.

Ukuphatha igesi evuthayo ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa,abahlukanisi besigaba esifakwe i-vacuumzifakwe phezulu kwamaphampu noma izinhlelo zokwamukela. Lawa ma-separator asusa umusi emseleni owuketshezi ngaphambi kokuba ufike emishinini ebucayi engezansi komfula.

Umklamo wokuhlukanisa uvame ukufaka:

• Ukugeleza kokungena kwe-Tangential kokuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal
• Izakhiwo zokuzinza ezingeni langaphakathi
• Ukufakwa kwe-vacuum okugcinwe ngamandla

Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukuvaleka komhwamuko futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokubhoboza ipayipi.

Amathangi Amancanekwezinhlelo ezincane ze-LNG kanye nezeselula

Eziteshini ze-LNG eziphathwayo, izinhlelo ze-skid, noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zokudlulisa ezincane, zethuIthangi Elincaneuchungechunge luhlinzeka ngesitoreji esincane se-vacuum insulated buffer esisukela kumalitha ayi-100 kuya ku-3,000.

Isitsha sangaphakathi sisekelwa kusetshenziswa izisekelo zesakhiwo ezisebenzisa ukushisa okuphansi futhi sihlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bokulungisa i-vacuum esebenzayo. Lawa matanki angasebenza njengezivikelo zokugcina eziphakathi phakathi kwezimoto zokulethwa kwe-LNG kanye nezinhlelo zokusabalalisa ezingezansi komfula.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezingashintshi, amazinga okuzicindezela ngokuvamile angakhawulelwa ngaphansi kwebha engu-0.1 ngehora.

Ukusebenza Okuvamile Kokudluliselwa kwe-LNG

Uhlelo lokudlulisa i-LNG olujwayelekile oluklanywe yi-HL Cryogenics lungasebenza ngaphakathi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Izingcindezi zokusebenza kusuka kubha engu-6 kuya ku-20
• Ijubane lokugeleza lifika ku-8 m/s
• Amanani okuvuza kokushisa aphansi njengo-0.25 W/m

Ngokuhlanganisa okuqinileipayipi elivalekile elinokushisangezingxenye zepayipi eziguquguqukayo ezindaweni zokunwetshwa noma izingalo zokulayisha ezihlanganisiwe, ukusebenza kahle kwesistimu iyonke kungathuthukiswa kakhulu.

Ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-LNG, lokhu kuholela emazingeni okwehla kwamandla kagesi angaphansi kuka-0.05% ngamamitha ayi-100 omugqa wokudlulisa ngehora, okusiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuzinza kokusebenza kanye nokusebenza komnotho.

Okwethuipayipi eliguquguqukayo eliguquguqukayo le-vacuumukusetshenziswa kwezinhlangano:

• Izinsimbi zangaphakathi zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-316L ezihlanganisiwe
• Izakhiwo zokubopha zangaphandle eziqinisiwe
• Ukwakhiwa kwe-annulus ye-vacuum egoqwe nge-MLI

Lokhu kuvumela ipayipi ukuthi ligcine ubuqotho be-vacuum ngaphansi kwemijikelezo yokugoba ephindaphindwayo kanye nokufinyela kokushisa.

Isibonelo sephrojekthi: I-LNG Terminal eVietnam

I-HL Cryogenicsmuva nje kuhlinzekwe uhlelo lokudlulisa i-cryogenic lwamamitha angu-350 lwephrojekthi yesikhumulo sezindiza i-LNG eVietnam.

Uhlelo lwaklanywa ukudlulisa ama-200 m³/h e-LNG kusuka emathangini okugcina impahla kuya endaweni yokulayisha e-10 bar ngenkathi kuhlangatshezwana nemikhawulo eqinile yokuyeka ukubhema.

Ukucushwa kokugcina kwakuhlanganisa:

• Ipayipi eqinile evalekilekwezingxenye ezinde eziqondile
• Ipayipi eliguquguqukayo le-vacuum cleaner elifakwe i-insulationekuxhumaneni kwe-jetty ehlanganisiwe
• OkubiliIzinhlelo Zokuphampa Ezinamandla Zokuvunguzaukugcina ingcindezi ye-mbar annulus engu-5 × 10⁻⁶

Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ukuvuza kokushisa okulinganisiwe kwaqina cishe ku-0.28 W/m. Uma kuqhathaniswa nepayipi langaphambilini elifakwe i-polyurethane, ukubilisa kwehliswe cishe ngo-80%.

Ukufakwa kwe-isihlukanisi sesigaba esifakwe i-vacuumfuthi kwaqeda izinkinga eziphindaphindayo zokubhoboza iphampu ezazibangele ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza ngaphambilini.

Namuhla, uhlelo lusebenza ngokuqapha okuqhubekayo kwe-vacuum kanye nokujikeleza kwemisebenzi yokupompa okuhleliwe ukuze kugcinwe ukusebenza okuzinzile endaweni eshisayo nenomswakama yaseVietnam.

Yakhelwe Ukuthobela Imithetho Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

Izinhlelo zethu zokudlulisa i-cryogenic zakhiwe ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso ezinkulu zomhlaba wonke, okuhlanganisa:

• I-ASME B31.3
• I-EN 13480
• I-ISO 21013
• I-BS 6364 yokuhlola i-cryogenic valve

Lokhu kuvumelaI-HL Cryogenicsimishini yokusekela amaphrojekthi kuyo yonke indawo:

• Iziteshi ze-LNG eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
• Izinhlelo zegesi ze-semiconductor eMpumalanga Asia
• Izikhungo zegesi zezimboni eYurophu
• Amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda ye-hydrogen ewuketshezi asafufusa eMpumalanga Ephakathi

Siphinde senze ngezifiso amazinga e-flange, ukuxhumeka kwe-bayonet, kanye nokulungiselelwa kwejazi langaphandle ukuze kuhambisane namakhodi wesifunda kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezithile zephrojekthi.

Ukusekelwa Kobunjiniyela Kwemiklamo Yokudlulisa i-LNG

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi wakha isikhungo esisha se-LNG bunker noma uthuthukisa inethiwekhi yokudlulisa ekhona ye-cryogenic, ukuvikela okuzinzile kwe-vacuum kungathuthukisa kakhulu kokubili ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kanye nokuthembeka kokusebenza.

I-HL Cryogenicsinikeza isembozo sokusekela ubunjiniyela obuhlanganisiwe:

• Izinhlelo zamapayipi afakwe ugesi
• Ipayipi eliguquguqukayo le-cryogenic
• Amavalvu okushisa angenawo umoya
• Abahlukanisi besigaba
• Izixazululo ze-Mini Tank
• Izinhlelo zepompo zokuhlanza ezinamandla

Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lingasiza ngokubala ukuvuza kokushisa, ukuhlaziywa kokwehla kwengcindezi, kanye nokuklama uhlelo ngokwezifiso ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zakho zenqubo.