I-Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) iyindlela enembile kakhulu esetshenziselwa ukwakha amafilimu amancane kanye nezakhiwo ezincane zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi amadivayisi e-semiconductor, ama-optoelectronics, kanye ne-quantum computing. Enye yezinselele ezibalulekile ezinhlelweni ze-MBE ukugcina amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, okuyilaphoipayipi elinejakethi ye-vacuums (VJP) ziyasetshenziswa. Lawa mapayipi athuthukile abalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukulawulwa kokushisa emakamelweni e-MBE, okwenza abe yingxenye ebalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukukhula kwekhwalithi ephezulu kwezinto ezingeni le-athomu.
Kuyini i-Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE)?
I-MBE iyindlela yokufaka ehilela ukufakwa okulawulwayo kwemishayo ye-athomu noma yama-molecule endaweni engaphansi kwe-vacuum ephezulu. Le nqubo idinga ukulawulwa okuqondile kokushisa ukuze kufezwe izakhiwo zezinto ezifiselekayo, okwenza ukuphathwa kokushisa kube yinto ebalulekile. Ezinhlelweni ze-MBE,amapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumzisetshenziselwa ukuthwala uketshezi namagesi acwebezelayo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-substrate ihlala ekushiseni okulungile ngesikhathi senqubo yokufakwa.
Indima Yamapayipi Afakwe Ijakhethi Ye-Vacuum ku-MBE Systems
Kubuchwepheshe be-MBE,amapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumasetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthutha ama-cryogens njenge-nitrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-helium ewuketshezi ukupholisa igumbi le-MBE kanye nezingxenye ezihlobene nalo. Amapayipi aqukethe ipayipi langaphakathi elibamba uketshezi oluyi-cryogenic, elizungezwe ijakethi yangaphandle yokuvikela enesendlalelo se-vacuum. Lokhu kuvikela i-vacuum kunciphisa ukudluliselwa kokushisa, kuvimbele ukuguquguquka kwezinga lokushisa futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi uhlelo lugcina amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu adingekayo ku-MBE.
Izinzuzo Zokusebenzisa Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakhethi Ye-Vacuum kubuchwepheshe be-MBE
Ukusetshenziswa kweamapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumkubuchwepheshe be-MBE bunikeza izinzuzo eziningana. Okokuqala, ziqinisekisa ukulawulwa okunembile kokushisa okudingekayo ukuze kufakwe ifilimu encane esezingeni eliphezulu, okubalulekile ekufinyeleleni ukukhula kwezinto ezifanayo. Okwesibili, zisiza ekunciphiseni ingozi yokungcola endaweni ye-MBE ngokugcina ubuqotho be-vacuum. Okokugcina,amapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo lwe-MBE ngokunciphisa ukubilisa koketshezi oluyi-cryogenic, okuholela ezindleleni zokusebenza eziphansi kanye nesikhathi eside sokuphila kohlelo.
Ikusasa Lamapayipi Afakwe Ijakhethi Ye-Vacuum kuZicelo ze-MBE
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-MBE buqhubeka nokukhula futhi izidingo zokunemba okuphezulu zikhula,amapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumkuzodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukusungula izinto zokushisa kanye nokuklama kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kwala mapayipi, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwezinhlelo ze-MBE futhi kuvumele ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezithuthuke kakhulu. Njengoba izimboni ezifana nokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor kanye ne-quantum computing ziqhubeka nokukhula, isidingo sezixazululo zokuphathwa kokushisa ezithembekile nezisebenzayo, njengeamapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuum, kuzokhula kuphela.
Ekuphetheni,amapayipi anejakethi ye-vacuumziyisici esibalulekile enqubweni ye-MBE, okuvumela ukulawulwa okunembile kokushisa nokuqinisekisa ukufakwa ngempumelelo kwamafilimu amancane asezingeni eliphezulu. Njengoba isidingo sezinto ezithuthukisiwe siqhubeka sikhuphuka, la mapayipi azohlala ebalulekile ekugcineni izindawo zokushisa eziphansi ezidingekayo kubuchwepheshe be-MBE obusezingeni eliphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-28-2024
