Ezimbonini ezidinga kakhulu kanye nemikhakha yesayensi, ukuthola izinto kusukela endaweni A kuya endaweni B ezingeni lokushisa elifanele kuvame ukuba yinto ebalulekile. Cabanga ngalokhu: Cabanga uzama ukuletha i-ayisikhilimu ngosuku olushisayo—udinga okuthile okuzoyigcina iqandisiwe! Lokho “okuthile” ezimweni eziningi kuyinto ebalulekileAmapayipi Afakwe Umshini Wokufudumeza(ama-VIP) kanye nabazala babo abakhethekile,Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuum(VJPs). Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa icebo elihlakaniphile: zakha i-vacuum ecishe ifanele ukuvimba ukushisa, okwenza zibe yindawo ekahle yokuthutha izinto ezibandayo kakhulu noma ezizwela ukushisa ngokuphephile, ngempumelelo, nangokungabizi kakhulu. Ake sihlole ukuthi la mapayipi adlala indima ebalulekile kuphi empilweni yanamuhla.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwe-Amapayipi Afakwe Umshini Wokufudumeza? Ama-Cryogenics, vele! Ngokuqondile,Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuumyizindinganiso zegolide zokuthutha igesi yemvelo encibilikisiwe (LNG), i-nitrogen ewuketshezi (LIN), i-oxygen ewuketshezi (LOX), i-argon ewuketshezi (LAR), kanye ne-hydrogen ewuketshezi (LH2). Lawa mapayipi anezindonga ezimbili, ane-vacuum ephezulu phakathi kwezindonga, anciphisa kakhulu ukukhuphuka kokushisa, anciphise igesi "ebilisayo" (BOG) eba khona lapho le mikhiqizo ifudumala. Lokhu kubalulekile kuma-Terminals e-LNG kanye ne-Bunkering, ukukhiqizwa kwegesi yezimboni kanye nokusabalalisa kanye ne-Aerospace & Research.

KodwaAmapayipi Afakwe Umshini WokufudumezaAkuzona nje eze-cryogenics. Zibalulekile nasekucutshungulweni kwamakhemikhali:

ü Ukuthuthwa kwe-Ethylene ebandayo: Ukugcina i-ethylene (ibhloko yokwakha eyisisekelo kumapulasitiki) uketshezi cishe ku--104°C ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Carbon Dioxide (LCO2): Ukugcina amazinga okushisa aphansi adingekayo ukuze kusetshenziswe i-CO2 esezingeni lokudla kanye nelezimboni, ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi.

ü Ukulethwa Kwamakhemikhali Okukhethekile: Ukunikeza indawo ezinzile, elawulwa amazinga okushisa okuthutha amakhemikhali abucayi, ukuvimbela ukusabela okungafuneki noma ukuwohloka.

Yini eyenzaAmapayipi Afakwe Umshini Wokufudumeza, ikakhulukaziAmapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuum, kubaluleke kangaka kulezi zimboni? Nazi izinzuzo ezimbalwa ezibalulekile:

1. Ukufakwa Kokushisa Okungalingani: I-vacuum ephezulu (ngokuvamile <10^-3 mbar) cishe iqeda ukudluliselwa kokushisa, okwenza kube ngcono kakhulu kunokufakwa kokushisa okuvamile.
2. Akukho ukujiya: Udonga lwangaphandle lwe-Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuumihlala iseduze nokushisa kwegumbi, ivimbela ukwakheka komswakama kanye neqhwa – okuthuthukisa ukuphepha futhi kunciphisa ukugqwala.
3. Ukulahlekelwa Komkhiqizo Okuncishisiwe: Kubalulekile ekongeni imali nge-cryogenics, ukunciphisa ukulahleka komkhiqizo ngesikhathi sokudlulisa nokugcina.
4. Ukuphepha Okuthuthukisiwe:Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuumzinikeza umkhawulo wesibili, okunciphisa ingozi yokuvuza.
5. Impilo Ende: Insimbi engagqwali eyenziwe kahleAmapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuuminikeza ukuqina okumangalisayo kanye nokugcinwa okuncane.

Njengoba izimboni zibheke ikusasa - nge-hydrogen ewuketshezi yamandla ahlanzekile, izidingo zokuhlanzeka okuphezulu, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kahle okukhulu - isidingo sobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokufudumeza ipayipi le-vacuum (futhi eliqinile)Amapayipi Afakwe Ijakethi Ye-Vacuumikakhulukazi) kuzokwanda kuphela. Ukusungula izinto ezintsha kugxile ekwandiseni impilo ye-vacuum, ukuthuthukisa i-multilayer insulation (MLI) ngaphakathi kwepayipi, kanye nokuthuthukisa amazinga aqinile kakhulu okumsulwa okuphezulu (UHP). Kusukela ekunikezeni amandla ushintsho lwamandla omhlaba wonke nge-LNG kuya ekuvumeleni ukunemba okumangalisayo kokukhiqizwa kwama-chip,Amapayipi Afakwe Umshini Wokufudumezakanye nama-Vacuum Jacketed Pipes ayizixazululo zobunjiniyela ezibalulekile, eziqinisekisa ukugeleza kwentuthuko ngaphakathi kwesithiyo sokushisa esiphelele. Ngamafuphi, ziwubufakazi bamandla okuvikela ukufudumala kwe-vacuum ekunqobeni izinselele zokushisa.